UPS device is an electronic device that is designed to continuously supply energy to consumer devices that it is very sensitive to disturbances in the network and disconnection and connection of electricity and due to very high sensitivity to interruptions and fluctuations in electricity Treatment and Hospital Sets, Telecommunications , computer and so on, are among the necessary equipment of these sets. For example, the problems created on the urban power grid are changes such as sudden increase or decrease in voltage, various types of momentary or permanent distortion and frequency change. Due to the advancement of technology and manufactured devices and their high accuracy and sensitivities and their special and special applications, equipment such as power supply without any interruption, they need to provide constant and reliable voltage and frequency.

UPS are designed and built to deal with AC power problems in systems. For example, UPS can be designed and manufactured and marketed for the protection of a normal personal computer in the range of several hundred volts ampere and for large centers such as telecommunications and industrial and computer centers up to several million volts ampere. The presence of a UPS battery in a UPS system ensures that in the event of a power outage, the UPS functions will continue properly. A UPS will never work properly without batteries. In fact, the function of the UPS battery is to store the energy of the electric current, which provides the necessary energy during a power outage. UPS batteries are produced in three models of high, medium and low lifespan.

Energizing time in UPS

Due to the fact that the energizing time of UPS system support is limited, a by-stand generator system is needed. Whenever the city electricity is cut in a sensitive work system that does not have a by-stand generator, the only available source of electricity is the UPS battery. Finally, the time the load can receive electricity is It will depend on the service capacity of the battery and the load consumption of the UPS.

By cutting off the UPS during the Autonomy period, it will provide the required electricity for the equipment and after this time, assuming that the appropriate software program for shutting down the system is available and applicable, they will send a signal to the load to perform the regular shutdown operation. In this way, the programs are closed and the system is shut down without losing information, but the issue is not only the preservation of information, and if the power of the processing and information systems and communication equipment is cut off for a longer period, these systems will lose their effectiveness and some important business activities. If the system in question includes a generator with the ability to detect automatic power failure (AMF), with a power failure, the UPS will feed the load during the time required for the generator to turn on and work, assuming that for this The meaning of a generator with the right power is chosen, the UPS assumes it as an alternative to the city electricity, charges the batteries and feeds the consumed load. It is important to note that the frequency and voltage of the generator must be within an acceptable limit for the UPS to accept it as an input, otherwise, even though the generator is on, sometimes the UPS uses the battery and the generator is useless in practice.

The form factor of a piece of equipment is related to its general shape and size. Technically talking about the form factors of a UPS may not be accurate because UPSs are usually not made in predetermined and standard shapes, unlike many other devices and equipment. The main reason is that UPSs are large, in fact, the more batteries are placed in the UPS, the larger its size and capacity. Therefore, each UPS capacity has a different size. In general, most UPSs are divided into single UPS and rack-mounted UPS in terms of shape. Standalone UPS are the most visible UPS in the market. Individual UPSs are enclosed in a frame and designed to be mounted on the ground near the equipment they cover.

The UPSs that are mounted in the rack are for being placed in their own compartments and are intended for use by computers (network hardware and other equipment) that are placed in the rack. Also, these UPS are widely used in industries and commercial devices due to the reduction in occupied space. Because its components can be stacked vertically and up to a high height. In this case, the connection between the equipment is generally easier due to being close to each other.

Batteries in the UPS system

There are different types of batteries and they are available in the market in different forms, and they are also used for different purposes, and one of the applications of batteries is in equipment such as UPS. A battery connected to UPS works like this: First, the batteries are charged through the charger UPS device It is charged according to the capacity of the battery, which is generally determined in terms of amperes, and then, during a power outage, the performance of the battery is determined, that is, the current stored in the battery is automatically sent to the desired device through UPS based on invoices.

The types of batteries that can be used in UPS are nickel-cadmium and lead-acid batteries. The best and most suitable battery for UPS is the lead-acid type, which has two types: wet or open cap and dry or closed cap. Dry battery or closed cap is more popular due to the fact that it requires little service and maintenance and has a longer life than other types.